Amsterdam is the most populous town and the capital of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, although the seat of government, and most diplomatic institutions in the country are located in The Hague. Based on the figures of 2013, the municipality of Amsterdam has nearly 800,000 inhabitants called Amsterdammers, Amstellodamiens or Amsterdamais the heart of the Amsterdam region which has about 1,350,000 inhabitants. The urban area, which has more than 2.3 million residents [3], [4] is itself part of a conurbation called Randstad Holland which has 7.1 million inhabitants. It is located in the province of North Holland.
The name of the town comes from the old Dutch name Amstelredamme evoking the origins of the city: the dam (Dam) on the Amstel. Former small fishing village in the twelfth century, the city has experienced very strong growth in the Middle Ages to the point of becoming one of the leading ports in the world during the Dutch Golden Age. The district De Wallen is the oldest part of the city, which developed around a network of concentric semicircular canals connected by perpendicular channels, forming a "spider's web". In the center of the old town, it is on the main Dam Square Amsterdam Royal Palace, built in the seventeenth century, a symbol of the historical importance of the city. William I of the Netherlands made a royal palace in 1815 Since July 2010, the Canal Loop (defined by the Herengracht, Keizersgracht, and Prinsengracht) on the list of World Heritage.
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