Moscow is the capital of the Russian Federation and the largest city in Europe. Moscow is situated on the Moskva River, which is the same name in Russian. The city is located in the European part of Russia and administratively in the Central Federal District. Moscow has the status of federal city. The city is an enclave in Moscow oblast but is administratively independent.
Moscow is both the most populous city in Europe, with 12 million people within the walls, according to the official census of 2013 and nearly 15 million people in the urban area, and the largest (more than 1,000 square kilometers). It is also the city whose budget is the highest compared to all other European capitals ($ 52 billion in 2012). It is the economic, political and academic head of Russia, comprising 8.9% of the population. Its inhabitants are Muscovites.
Moscow has played a big role in Russian history: it was the capital of the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Russian Empire before Peter the Great transferred the capital to the new city of St. Petersburg. This city will remain the capital of Russia until the October Revolution, from which Moscow became the capital of the young Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and Russia in 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Moscow is also known for its architectural heritage: the Kremlin with its palaces and churches, St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square, the Cathedral of Christ the Savior and the Seven Sisters Stalinist. Danilov Monastery in Moscow is the seat of the Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church.
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