Rio de Janeiro is the second largest city in Brazil after São Paulo. Located southeast of the country, it is the capital of the State of Rio de Janeiro. With its 6.1 million inhabitants intramural (commonly known as Cariocas, variant "Carioques" existing in French) and 12.62 million in the urban area, Rio de Janeiro is one of the most important cities the Americas.
It is world famous for its carnival, beaches (Copacabana and Ipanema) and the statue of Christ the Redeemer atop Corcovado. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Portugal, following the flight of the Portuguese court during the Napoleonic invasion (1808-1821) and the Empire of Brazil (1822-1889), the República Velha (1889-1930), the Estado Novo (1937-1945) and the beginning of the Second Republic until 1960.
In 2013, the city hosted the World Youth Day, and in 2014 it hosts the final of the FIFA World Cup and finally, in 2016, the Summer Olympics.
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